
修改JAR包的Manifest文件并读取自定义属性,看似简单的操作,却可能遇到意想不到的问题。本文将深入探讨这一问题,并提供切实可行的解决方案。
你可能遇到这样的情况:你使用FileSystem API成功地将自定义属性添加到JAR包的MANIFEST.MF文件中,通过解压JAR包检查,确认属性已经存在。然而,当你使用JarFile API尝试读取这些属性时,却发现它们不见了,Attributes.getValue(String)方法返回null。
以下是一个示例代码,用于修改JAR包的Manifest文件并尝试读取自定义属性:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.jar.Attributes;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.jar.Manifest;
public class ManifestModifier {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
File jar = new File("C:\Users\employee1234\Desktop\auth-0.1.3.jar"); // 替换为你的JAR文件路径
String testVersion = "1.2.3";
Map<String, String> env = new HashMap<>();
env.put("create", "true");
// Mount the jar
try (FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jarFileToURI(jar), env)) {
// Read the manifest
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Path manifestPath = fileSystem.getPath("/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF");
Files.copy(manifestPath, byteArrayOutputStream);
// Convert the manifest bytes to a string and construct a string builder
StringBuilder manifestData = new StringBuilder(byteArrayOutputStream.toString().trim());
// Add the custom manifest attribute
manifestData.append("
");
manifestData.append("Deployments-Version: ");
manifestData.append(testVersion);
// Write the manifest back to the jar
Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(manifestData.toString().getBytes()), manifestPath,
StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
// Try-with-resources closes the mounted jar
}
// This part doesn't work
try (JarFile jarFile = new JarFile(jar)) {
Manifest manifest = jarFile.getManifest();
System.out.println(manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Deployments-Version"));
}
}
// Stolen from java.io.File with some modifications
private static URI jarFileToURI(File jarFile) throws URISyntaxException {
String sp = slashify(jarFile.getAbsoluteFile().getPath(), false);
if (sp.startsWith("//"))
sp = "//" + sp;
return new URI("jar:file", null, sp, null);
}
// Stolen from java.io.File;
private static String slashify(String path, boolean isDirectory) {
String p = path;
if (File.separatorChar != '/')
p = p.replace(File.separatorChar, '/');
if (!p.startsWith("/"))
p = "/" + p;
if (!p.endsWith("/") && isDirectory)
p = p + "/";
return p;
}
}问题原因分析:
问题的根源在于Manifest文件的格式要求。每个属性条目必须以换行符分隔,并且整个Manifest文件也必须以换行符结尾。在上面的代码中,虽然添加了属性,但缺少了结尾的换行符,导致JarFile API无法正确解析Manifest文件。
解决方案:
确保在添加自定义属性后,以及整个Manifest文件的末尾,都添加换行符。修改代码如下:
manifestData.append("
").append("Deployments-Version: ").append(testVersion).append("
");通过在属性值后添加额外的换行符,确保Manifest文件的格式正确,JarFile API就能正确读取自定义属性。
完整代码示例:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.jar.Attributes;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.jar.Manifest;
public class ManifestModifier {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
File jar = new File("C:\Users\employee1234\Desktop\auth-0.1.3.jar"); // 替换为你的JAR文件路径
String testVersion = "1.2.3";
Map<String, String> env = new HashMap<>();
env.put("create", "true");
// Mount the jar
try (FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystems.newFileSystem(jarFileToURI(jar), env)) {
// Read the manifest
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Path manifestPath = fileSystem.getPath("/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF");
Files.copy(manifestPath, byteArrayOutputStream);
// Convert the manifest bytes to a string and construct a string builder
StringBuilder manifestData = new StringBuilder(byteArrayOutputStream.toString().trim());
// Add the custom manifest attribute
manifestData.append("
").append("Deployments-Version: ").append(testVersion).append("
");
// Write the manifest back to the jar
Files.copy(new ByteArrayInputStream(manifestData.toString().getBytes()), manifestPath,
StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
// Try-with-resources closes the mounted jar
}
// This part now works
try (JarFile jarFile = new JarFile(jar)) {
Manifest manifest = jarFile.getManifest();
System.out.println(manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Deployments-Version"));
}
}
// Stolen from java.io.File with some modifications
private static URI jarFileToURI(File jarFile) throws URISyntaxException {
String sp = slashify(jarFile.getAbsoluteFile().getPath(), false);
if (sp.startsWith("//"))
sp = "//" + sp;
return new URI("jar:file", null, sp, null);
}
// Stolen from java.io.File;
private static String slashify(String path, boolean isDirectory) {
String p = path;
if (File.separatorChar != '/')
p = p.replace(File.separatorChar, '/');
if (!p.startsWith("/"))
p = "/" + p;
if (!p.endsWith("/") && isDirectory)
p = p + "/";
return p;
}
}总结与注意事项:
通过理解Manifest文件的格式要求,并正确地添加换行符,你就可以成功地从JAR文件中读取自定义Manifest属性了。希望本文能够帮助你解决类似问题。
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