如何在PHP环境中配置日志？PHP日志设置与调试的详细步骤

php.ini

php.ini

php.ini

phpinfo()

php.ini

php.ini

ini_set()

<?php
// 仅在当前脚本中开启所有错误报告并记录
ini_set('display_errors', '1');
ini_set('display_startup_errors', '1');
error_reporting(E_ALL);

// 或者，使用error_log函数直接记录自定义信息
error_log("这条信息是手动记录的，可能会出现在error_log指定的文件中。");

// 甚至可以指定记录到特定文件
error_log("这条信息被记录到 my_custom_log.log", 3, "/path/to/my_custom_log.log");
?>

php.ini

php.ini

php.ini

sudo systemctl restart php-fpm

sudo systemctl restart apache2

sudo systemctl restart nginx

error_log

www-data

/var/log/php_errors.log

www-data

root

ls -l

chown

chmod

# 假设你的PHP进程用户是 www-data
sudo touch /var/log/php_errors.log
sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/log/php_errors.log
sudo chmod 644 /var/log/php_errors.log

php.ini

.htaccess

fastcgi_param

ini_set()

phpinfo()

Loaded Configuration File

Scan this dir for additional .ini files

Local Value

Master Value

Local Value

Master Value

error_reporting

NOTICE

WARNING

E_ALL

LoggerInterface

<?php
// LogLevel.php - 定义日志级别
class LogLevel
{
    const EMERGENCY = 'emergency';
    const ALERT     = 'alert';
    const CRITICAL  = 'critical';
    const ERROR     = 'error';
    const WARNING   = 'warning';
    const NOTICE    = 'notice';
    const INFO      = 'info';
    const DEBUG     = 'debug';
}

// SimpleLogger.php - 简单的日志记录器实现
class SimpleLogger
{
    private $logFile;
    private $minLevel; // 最低记录级别

    private $levels = [
        LogLevel::EMERGENCY => 8,
        LogLevel::ALERT     => 7,
        LogLevel::CRITICAL  => 6,
        LogLevel::ERROR     => 5,
        LogLevel::WARNING   => 4,
        LogLevel::NOTICE    => 3,
        LogLevel::INFO      => 2,
        LogLevel::DEBUG     => 1,
    ];

    public function __construct(string $logFile, string $minLevel = LogLevel::INFO)
    {
        $this->logFile = $logFile;
        $this->minLevel = $minLevel;
    }

    public function log(string $level, string $message, array $context = []): void
    {
        if ($this->shouldLog($level)) {
            $logEntry = $this->formatLogEntry($level, $message, $context);
            file_put_contents($this->logFile, $logEntry . PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
        }
    }

    private function shouldLog(string $level): bool
    {
        return $this->levels[$level] >= $this->levels[$this->minLevel];
    }

    private function formatLogEntry(string $level, string $message, array $context): string
    {
        $timestamp = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $contextStr = !empty($context) ? ' ' . json_encode($context, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE) : '';
        return sprintf("[%s] [%s] %s%s", $timestamp, strtoupper($level), $message, $contextStr);
    }

    // 提供快捷方法
    public function error(string $message, array $context = []): void
    {
        $this->log(LogLevel::ERROR, $message, $context);
    }

    public function info(string $message, array $context = []): void
    {
        $this->log(LogLevel::INFO, $message, $context);
    }

    public function debug(string $message, array $context = []): void
    {
        $this->log(LogLevel::DEBUG, $message, $context);
    }
    // ... 可以添加其他级别的方法
}

<?php
require_once 'LogLevel.php';
require_once 'SimpleLogger.php';

$logger = new SimpleLogger('/var/log/my_app.log', LogLevel::DEBUG);

$logger->info("用户登录成功", ['user_id' => 123, 'ip' => '192.168.1.1']);
$logger->warning("API调用失败，重试中...", ['api' => '/api/v1/data', 'attempt' => 3]);
$logger->error("数据库连接错误", ['exception' => 'PDOException', 'code' => 2002]);
$logger->debug("这是一个调试信息，只在开发环境显示");
?>

Handler

Formatter

tail -f

grep

$context

{"timestamp": "2023-10-27 10:30:00", "level": "INFO", "message": "User login success", "user_id": 123, "ip": "192.168.1.1"}

logrotate

logrotate

# /etc/logrotate.d/php-fpm
/var/log/php_errors.log {
    daily
    missingok
    rotate 7
    compress
    delaycompress
    notifempty
    create 0644 www-data www-data
    postrotate
        /usr/bin/pkill -USR1 php-fpm
    endscript
}

pkill -USR1 php-fpm