PHP异步编程的救星：如何使用guzzlehttp/promises优雅地处理并发任务

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">// 伪代码：传统阻塞式调用
$paymentResult = makePaymentRequest($order); // 等待支付网关响应
$stockUpdateResult = updateStock($order);   // 等待库存更新完成
$emailSendResult = sendOrderConfirmationEmail($order); // 等待邮件发送
$logisticsResult = notifyLogistics($order); // 等待物流通知

curl_multi

guzzlehttp/promises

guzzlehttp/promises

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">composer require guzzlehttp/promises

guzzlehttp/promises

Promise

then()

then()

onFulfilled

onRejected

then()

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">use GuzzleHttp\Promise\Promise;
use GuzzleHttp\Promise\Utils;

// 模拟异步操作，返回一个Promise
function makeAsyncPaymentRequest($order): Promise
{
    $promise = new Promise();
    // 假设这是一个耗时的操作，比如调用Guzzle HTTP客户端发送请求
    // 实际应用中，这里会发起真正的异步请求，并在请求完成后resolve或reject
    go(function () use ($promise, $order) { // 假设go是一个非阻塞的协程/异步函数
        sleep(1); // 模拟网络延迟
        if (rand(0, 1)) {
            $promise->resolve("支付成功，订单ID: " . $order->id);
        } else {
            $promise->reject("支付失败，订单ID: " . $order->id);
        }
    });
    return $promise;
}

function makeAsyncStockUpdate($order): Promise
{
    $promise = new Promise();
    go(function () use ($promise, $order) {
        sleep(0.5);
        $promise->resolve("库存更新成功，订单ID: " . $order->id);
    });
    return $promise;
}

function makeAsyncEmailSend($order): Promise
{
    $promise = new Promise();
    go(function () use ($promise, $order) {
        sleep(0.8);
        $promise->resolve("邮件发送成功，订单ID: " . $order->id);
    });
    return $promise;
}

function makeAsyncLogisticsNotify($order): Promise
{
    $promise = new Promise();
    go(function () use ($promise, $order) {
        sleep(0.7);
        $promise->resolve("物流通知成功，订单ID: " . $order->id);
    });
    return $promise;
}

// 模拟订单对象
$order = (object)['id' => 123, 'amount' => 100];

// 同时发起所有异步操作
$paymentPromise = makeAsyncPaymentRequest($order);
$stockPromise = makeAsyncStockUpdate($order);
$emailPromise = makeAsyncEmailSend($order);
$logisticsPromise = makeAsyncLogisticsNotify($order);

// 使用Utils::all()等待所有Promise完成
Utils::all([
    'payment' => $paymentPromise,
    'stock' => $stockPromise,
    'email' => $emailPromise,
    'logistics' => $logisticsPromise,
])
->then(
    function ($results) {
        echo "所有操作均成功完成！\n";
        print_r($results);
    },
    function ($reason) {
        echo "有操作失败了！原因: " . $reason . "\n";
    }
)
->wait(); // 同步等待所有Promise完成，直到所有异步任务都解决

GuzzleHttp\Promise\Utils::all()

all()

guzzlehttp/promises

guzzlehttp/promises