Golang并发函数基准测试Benchmark并行示例

package main

import (
    "sync"
    "sync/atomic"
    "testing"
)

var counter int64

func increment() {
    atomic.AddInt64(&counter, 1)
}

func incrementWithMutex(mu *sync.Mutex) {
    mu.Lock()
    counter++
    mu.Unlock()
}

<H3>并发函数的基准测试示例</H3>
<p>下面是对原子操作和互斥锁两种方式的并发递增操作进行基准测试的完整示例：</p>

```go
func BenchmarkAtomicInc(b *testing.B) {
    counter = 0
    b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
        for pb.Next() {
            increment()
        }
    })
    // 验证结果正确性（可选）
    if counter != int64(b.N) {
        b.Fatalf("expected %d, got %d", b.N, counter)
    }
}

func BenchmarkMutexInc(b *testing.B) {
    var mu sync.Mutex
    counter = 0
    b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
        for pb.Next() {
            incrementWithMutex(&mu)
        }
    })
    if counter != int64(b.N) {
        b.Fatalf("expected %d, got %d", b.N, counter)
    }
}

func BenchmarkCustomWorkers(b *testing.B) {
    counter = 0
    const workers = 10
    var wg sync.WaitGroup
    var mu sync.Mutex

    b.ResetTimer()
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        wg.Add(workers)
        for w := 0; w < workers; w++ {
            go func() {
                mu.Lock()
                counter++
                mu.Unlock()
                wg.Done()
            }()
        }
        wg.Wait()
    }
}

go test -bench=.

BenchmarkAtomicInc-8       10000000         150 ns/op
BenchmarkMutexInc-8        5000000          250 ns/op