如何高效测试复杂PHP应用？PestPluginMock与Composer助你轻松搞定依赖模拟

<code class="bash">composer require pestphp/pest-plugin-mock --dev</code>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">// app/Services/UserService.php
namespace App\Services;

use App\Clients\ApiClient; // 假设这是一个真实存在的API客户端接口或类

class UserService
{
    protected ApiClient $apiClient;

    public function __construct(ApiClient $apiClient)
    {
        $this->apiClient = $apiClient;
    }

    public function getUser(int $id): array
    {
        // 真实场景下，这里会调用API客户端获取数据
        $data = $this->apiClient->get("/users/{$id}");
        return json_decode($data, true);
    }
}

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">// tests/Unit/UserServiceTest.php
use App\Clients\ApiClient;
use App\Services\UserService;
use Mockery; // Pest Plugin Mock通常与Mockery一起使用

it('fetches user data correctly', function () {
    // 创建一个ApiClient的Mock对象
    $mockApiClient = Mockery::mock(ApiClient::class);

    // 预设当get方法被调用时，返回特定的JSON字符串
    $mockApiClient->shouldReceive('get')
                  ->with('/users/1')
                  ->andReturn('{"id": 1, "name": "John Doe"}');

    // 将Mock对象注入到UserService中
    $userService = new UserService($mockApiClient);

    // 调用被测试的方法
    $user = $userService->getUser(1);

    // 断言结果是否符合预期
    expect($user)->toBeArray()
                 ->and($user['name'])->toBe('John Doe');
});

it('handles API errors', function () {
    $mockApiClient = Mockery::mock(ApiClient::class);

    // 预设当get方法被调用时，抛出异常
    $mockApiClient->shouldReceive('get')
                  ->andThrow(new \Exception('API Error'));

    $userService = new UserService($mockApiClient);

    // 断言调用getUser方法会抛出异常
    expect(fn() => $userService->getUser(1))
        ->toThrow(\Exception::class, 'API Error');
});