动态获取Python特殊方法中的运算符符号与错误消息优化

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __lt__(self, other):
        # 硬编码了 '<' 运算符符号
        if not isinstance(other, Person):
            raise TypeError("'<' not supported between instances of "
                            f"'{type(self).__name__}'"
                            f" and '{type(other).__name__}'")
        else:
            return self.age < other.age

    def __ge__(self, other):
        # 内部调用了 __lt__
        return not self < other

# 示例操作
me = Person('Javier', 55)
you = Person('James', 25)

print(you < me)  # True
print(you >= me) # False

# 触发错误
try:
    print(you < 30)
except TypeError as e:
    print(f"Error for '<': {e}")
    # 输出: Error for '<': '<' not supported between instances of 'Person' and 'int'

try:
    print(you >= 30)
except TypeError as e:
    print(f"Error for '>=': {e}")
    # 输出: Error for '>=': '<' not supported between instances of 'Person' and 'int'

# 定义一个映射字典
_operator_map = {
    '__lt__': '<', '__le__': '<=', '__eq__': '==', '__ne__': '!=',
    '__gt__': '>', '__ge__': '>=',
    '__add__': '+', '__sub__': '-', '__mul__': '*', '__truediv__': '/',
    '__floordiv__': '//', '__mod__': '%', '__pow__': '**',
    '__and__': '&', '__or__': '|', '__xor__': '^', '__lshift__': '<<',
    '__rshift__': '>>',
    # 更多运算符可以按需添加
}

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def _get_operator_symbol(self, method_name):
        """根据特殊方法名获取对应的运算符符号"""
        return _operator_map.get(method_name, f"operator for '{method_name}'")

    def __lt__(self, other):
        op_symbol = self._get_operator_symbol('__lt__')
        if not isinstance(other, Person):
            raise TypeError(f"'{op_symbol}' not supported between instances of "
                            f"'{type(self).__name__}'"
                            f" and '{type(other).__name__}'")
        else:
            return self.age < other.age

    def __ge__(self, other):
        # 此处暂时保持原样，以便展示下一步的改进
        return not self < other

# 再次测试 __lt__ 的错误
me = Person('Javier', 55)
try:
    print(me < 30)
except TypeError as e:
    print(f"Error for '<' (with mapping): {e}")
    # 输出: Error for '<' (with mapping): '<' not supported between instances of 'Person' and 'int'

# 沿用之前的 _operator_map 和 _get_operator_symbol 方法

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def _get_operator_symbol(self, method_name):
        """根据特殊方法名获取对应的运算符符号"""
        return _operator_map.get(method_name, f"operator for '{method_name}'")

    def __lt__(self, other):
        op_symbol = self._get_operator_symbol('__lt__')
        if not isinstance(other, Person):
            # 内部方法抛出异常时，仅报告其自身操作符
            raise TypeError(f"'{op_symbol}' not supported between instances of "
                            f"'{type(self).__name__}'"
                            f" and '{type(other).__name__}'")
        else:
            return self.age < other.age

    def __ge__(self, other):
        op_symbol_ge = self._get_operator_symbol('__ge__') # 获取外部操作符
        try:
            return not self < other
        except TypeError as e:
            # 捕获内部方法抛出的TypeError
            # 重新抛出异常，并使用外部操作符符号
            raise TypeError(f"'{op_symbol_ge}' not supported between instances of "
                            f"'{type(self).__name__}'"
                            f" and '{type(other).__name__}'") from e # 保留原始异常链

# 再次测试 __ge__ 的错误
me = Person('Javier', 55)
try:
    print(me >= 30)
except TypeError as e:
    print(f"Error for '>=' (optimized): {e}")
    # 输出: Error for '>=' (optimized): '>=' not supported between instances of 'Person' and 'int'