Java OOP对象克隆的实现方式有哪些

class Address {
    String city;
    Address(String city) { this.city = city; }
}

class Person implements Cloneable {
    String name;
    Address addr;

    public Person(String name, Address addr) {
        this.name = name;
        this.addr = addr;
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

Address addr = new Address("Beijing");
Person p1 = new Person("Alice", addr);
Person p2 = (Person) p1.clone();
p2.addr.city = "Shanghai";

// 输出：Shanghai，说明p1和p2共享同一个Address对象
System.out.println(p1.addr.city);

@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    Person p = (Person) super.clone();
    p.addr = (Address) addr.clone(); // 假设Address也实现了Cloneable
    return p;
}

public Object deepClone() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
    oos.writeObject(this);

    ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
    return ois.readObject();
}

// 使用Gson示例
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = gson.toJson(person);
Person cloned = gson.fromJson(json, Person.class);