Django服务器实现Office与PDF文件在线预览的专业指南

import openpyxl
from django.http import HttpResponse
from io import BytesIO
import os

def preview_excel(request, file_path):
    """
    在浏览器中预览Excel (.xlsx) 文件。
    :param request: Django HttpRequest 对象
    :param file_path: Excel文件的实际路径
    """
    # 实际应用中，file_path应通过安全方式获取，而非直接暴露
    full_file_path = os.path.join('/path/to/your/files/', file_path) # 替换为您的文件存储根路径

    if not os.path.exists(full_file_path):
        return HttpResponse("文件未找到。", status=404)

    try:
        # 加载Excel工作簿
        wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(full_file_path)

        # 使用BytesIO将工作簿内容保存到内存中
        buffer = BytesIO()
        wb.save(buffer)
        buffer.seek(0)  # 将文件指针移到开头

        # 设置Content-Type为Excel文件的MIME类型
        content_type = 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'

        # 创建HttpResponse对象，并设置Content-Disposition为inline
        response = HttpResponse(buffer.getvalue(), content_type=content_type)
        response['Content-Disposition'] = f'inline; filename="{os.path.basename(full_file_path)}"'
        return response
    except Exception as e:
        return HttpResponse(f"处理Excel文件时发生错误: {e}", status=500)

from django.http import HttpResponse
from io import BytesIO
from docx import Document
import os

def preview_docx(request, file_path):
    """
    在浏览器中预览Word (.docx) 文件。
    :param request: Django HttpRequest 对象
    :param file_path: Word文件的实际路径
    """
    full_file_path = os.path.join('/path/to/your/files/', file_path) # 替换为您的文件存储根路径

    if not os.path.exists(full_file_path):
        return HttpResponse("文件未找到。", status=404)

    try:
        # 加载Word文档
        doc = Document(full_file_path)

        # 使用BytesIO将文档内容保存到内存中
        buffer = BytesIO()
        doc.save(buffer)
        buffer.seek(0) # 将文件指针移到开头

        # 设置Content-Type为Word文件的MIME类型
        content_type = 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document'

        # 创建HttpResponse对象，并设置Content-Disposition为inline
        response = HttpResponse(buffer.getvalue(), content_type=content_type)
        response['Content-Disposition'] = f'inline; filename="{os.path.basename(full_file_path)}"'
        return response
    except Exception as e:
        return HttpResponse(f"处理Word文件时发生错误: {e}", status=500)

from django.http import HttpResponse
from io import BytesIO
import os

def preview_pdf(request, file_path):
    """
    在浏览器中预览PDF文件。
    :param request: Django HttpRequest 对象
    :param file_path: PDF文件的实际路径
    """
    full_file_path = os.path.join('/path/to/your/files/', file_path) # 替换为您的文件存储根路径

    if not os.path.exists(full_file_path):
        return HttpResponse("文件未找到。", status=404)

    try:
        # 读取PDF文件内容
        with open(full_file_path, 'rb') as file:
            file_data = file.read()

        # 使用BytesIO存储文件数据
        buffer = BytesIO()
        buffer.write(file_data)
        buffer.seek(0) # 将文件指针移到开头

        # 设置Content-Type为PDF文件的MIME类型
        content_type = 'application/pdf'

        # 创建HttpResponse对象，并设置Content-Disposition为inline
        response = HttpResponse(buffer.getvalue(), content_type=content_type)
        response['Content-Disposition'] = f'inline; filename="{os.path.basename(full_file_path)}"'
        return response
    except Exception as e:
        return HttpResponse(f"处理PDF文件时发生错误: {e}", status=500)

from django.urls import path, re_path
from . import views # 假设您的视图函数在app的views.py中

urlpatterns = [
    # ... 其他路由 ...
    # 注意：使用re_path或path('<path:...')来捕获包含斜杠的文件路径
    re_path(r'^preview/excel/(?P<file_path>.*)$', views.preview_excel, name='preview_excel'),
    re_path(r'^preview/docx/(?P<file_path>.*)$', views.preview_docx, name='preview_docx'),
    re_path(r'^preview/pdf/(?P<file_path>.*)$', views.preview_pdf, name='preview_pdf'),
]