Java中从TXT文件读取并解析结构化数据：构建学生信息对象与排序实践

John Doe, 30, 25, 70, 10
Jane Doe, 33, 20, 80, 15
Christian Pulisic, 70, 60, 50, 20

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

// 定义Student类
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
    private String name;
    private List<Integer> grades;

    public Student(String name, List<Integer> grades) {
        this.name = name;
        this.grades = grades;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public List<Integer> getGrades() {
        return grades;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
               "name='" + name + ''' +
               ", grades=" + grades +
               '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student other) {
        return this.name.compareTo(other.name);
    }
}

public class StudentDataReader {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 请确保替换为您的实际文件路径
        String filePath = "students.txt"; 
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();

        try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new File(filePath))) {
            // 设置复合定界符：匹配行分隔符或逗号加空格
            scanner.useDelimiter("\R|, ");

            while (scanner.hasNext()) {
                String name = scanner.next().trim(); // 读取姓名并去除可能的前后空白
                List<Integer> grades = new ArrayList<>();
                // 假设每个学生有4门成绩
                for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    if (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
                        grades.add(scanner.nextInt());
                    } else {
                        // 处理数据格式不匹配的情况，例如不是整数
                        System.err.println("警告: 读取学生 " + name + " 的成绩时遇到非整数数据。");
                        // 可以选择跳过或抛出异常
                        scanner.next(); // 跳过错误token
                    }
                }
                students.add(new Student(name, grades));
            }

            // 按姓名排序学生列表
            Collections.sort(students);

            // 打印排序后的学生信息
            System.out.println("--- 方法一：使用复合定界符解析和排序 ---");
            for (Student student : students) {
                System.out.println(student);
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.err.println("错误: 文件未找到，请检查路径: " + filePath);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("处理文件时发生未知错误: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

// Student类与之前定义相同，此处省略重复代码
// class Student implements Comparable<Student> { ... }

public class StudentDataReader2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 请确保替换为您的实际文件路径
        String filePath = "students.txt"; 
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();

        try (Scanner lineScanner = new Scanner(new File(filePath))) {
            while (lineScanner.hasNextLine()) {
                String line = lineScanner.nextLine();
                String[] tokens = line.split(", "); // 使用", "作为分隔符

                // 校验每行数据的字段数量
                if (tokens.length == 5) { // 1个姓名 + 4个成绩 = 5个字段
                    String name = tokens[0].trim();
                    List<Integer> grades = new ArrayList<>();
                    boolean allGradesValid = true;
                    for (int i = 1; i < tokens.length; i++) {
                        try {
                            grades.add(Integer.parseInt(tokens[i].trim()));
                        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                            System.err.println("警告: 学生 " + name + " 的成绩 '" + tokens[i] + "' 不是有效数字，已跳过该学生。");
                            allGradesValid = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (allGradesValid) {
                        students.add(new Student(name, grades));
                    }
                } else {
                    System.err.println("警告: 发现格式不正确的行，已跳过: " + line);
                }
            }

            // 按姓名排序学生列表
            Collections.sort(students);

            // 打印排序后的学生信息
            System.out.println("
--- 方法二：逐行读取并使用String.split()解析和排序 ---");
            for (Student student : students) {
                System.out.println(student);
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.err.println("错误: 文件未找到，请检查路径: " + filePath);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("处理文件时发生未知错误: " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

// Student类定义（已在前面代码中包含，这里再次强调其结构）
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
    private String name;
    private List<Integer> grades;

    public Student(String name, List<Integer> grades) {
        this.name = name;
        this.grades = grades;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public List<Integer> getGrades() {
        return grades;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
               "name='" + name + ''' +
               ", grades=" + grades +
               '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student other) {
        // 按照学生姓名进行字母排序
        return this.name.compareTo(other.name);
    }
}

// Student类中的compareTo方法
@Override
public int compareTo(Student other) {
    // 按照学生姓名进行字母排序
    return this.name.compareTo(other.name);
}