解决 Selenium Chromedriver 自定义下载目录失败问题

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service

# 假设 selected_folder 是你希望设置的下载目录路径
selected_folder = "/path/to/your/download/directory" # 示例路径

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
prefs = {
    'download.default_directory': selected_folder,
    'savefile.default_directory': selected_folder
}
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs)
chrome_options.add_argument("--enable-logging") # 开启日志有助于调试

# 假设 service 已经定义，例如：service = Service('/path/to/chromedriver')
# driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=chrome_options)
# ... 执行下载操作 ...

import os

# 推荐使用绝对路径
# 获取当前脚本所在目录作为基础路径
base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
# 或者使用当前工作目录
# base_dir = os.getcwd()

# 构建下载目录路径，例如在当前脚本目录下创建一个 'downloads' 文件夹
download_folder_name = "downloads"
selected_folder = os.path.join(base_dir, download_folder_name)

# 确保路径是绝对路径（os.path.join 结合 os.path.abspath 更安全）
selected_folder = os.path.abspath(selected_folder)

print(f"Resolved download path: {selected_folder}")

if not os.path.exists(selected_folder):
    try:
        os.makedirs(selected_folder)
        print(f"Created download directory: {selected_folder}")
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"Error creating directory {selected_folder}: {e}")
        # 处理目录创建失败的情况，例如权限不足
        raise

# 进一步验证：确保它是一个目录而不是文件
if not os.path.isdir(selected_folder):
    raise ValueError(f"Specified path {selected_folder} is not a valid directory.")

import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By # 导入By用于元素定位

# --- 配置下载目录 ---
# 1. 定义期望的下载目录（推荐使用绝对路径）
# 这里以在当前脚本所在目录创建一个 'downloads' 文件夹为例
current_script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
target_download_dir = os.path.join(current_script_dir, "downloads")

# 2. 确保下载目录存在，如果不存在则创建
if not os.path.exists(target_download_dir):
    try:
        os.makedirs(target_download_dir)
        print(f"Download directory created: {target_download_dir}")
    except OSError as e:
        print(f"Error creating download directory {target_download_dir}: {e}")
        raise # 目录创建失败是严重问题，应停止程序

# 3. 验证路径是否为有效目录
if not os.path.isdir(target_download_dir):
    raise ValueError(f"Resolved download path is not a valid directory: {target_download_dir}")

print(f"Using download directory: {target_download_dir}")

# --- 配置 ChromeOptions ---
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized") # 最大化窗口

prefs = {
    'download.default_directory': target_download_dir,
    'savefile.default_directory': target_download_dir,
    'download.prompt_for_download': False, # 禁用下载提示框，实现静默下载
    'download.directory_upgrade': True,
    'plugins.always_open_pdf_externally': True # 如果有PDF下载，避免在浏览器内打开
}
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs)
chrome_options.add_argument("--enable-logging") # 开启Chromedriver日志，有助于调试

# --- 启动 WebDriver ---
# 请将 'path/to/your/chromedriver' 替换为你的 chromedriver 实际路径
try:
    service = Service("path/to/your/chromedriver")
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=chrome_options)
    print("WebDriver launched successfully.")

    # --- 执行下载操作示例 ---
    # driver.get("http://example.com/some_page_with_download_button")
    # download_button = driver.find_element(By.ID, "download_button_id")
    # download_button.click()
    # print("Download button clicked. Check the specified directory for the file.")

    # 简单等待一段时间，让下载完成
    # import time
    # time.sleep(10)

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
finally:
    if 'driver' in locals() and driver:
        # driver.quit() # 根据实际情况决定是否关闭浏览器
        pass