GLFW与OpenGL核心配置文件：动态获取最高兼容版本指南

import platform
import sys

import glfw
import moderngl as mgl

# 定义用户期望的错误回调函数
def user_glfw_error_callback(error: int, description: bytes) -> None:
    print(f"GLFW Error [{error}]: {description.decode()}", file=sys.stderr)

# 定义一个静默的错误回调函数，用于版本探测期间抑制错误信息
def ignore_glfw_error_callback(error: int, description: bytes) -> None:
    pass # 忽略错误

# 设置用户期望的错误回调函数
glfw.set_error_callback(user_glfw_error_callback)

# 初始化GLFW
if not glfw.init():
    sys.exit("Failed to initialize GLFW")

# 在版本探测开始前，暂时切换到静默错误回调
glfw.set_error_callback(ignore_glfw_error_callback)

# 设置通用的窗口提示
glfw.window_hint(glfw.RESIZABLE, False)
glfw.window_hint(glfw.DOUBLEBUFFER, True)
glfw.window_hint(glfw.OPENGL_PROFILE, glfw.OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE)

# macOS 特有的兼容性设置
if platform.system() == "Darwin":
    glfw.window_hint(glfw.OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, True)

# 目标OpenGL主版本
target_major = 4
# 从较高的次版本开始尝试，例如 6 (对应 OpenGL 4.6)
# 如果希望更具前瞻性，可以从 8 或更高开始，以应对未来可能发布的 4.x 版本
start_minor = 6
# 最低支持的次版本，例如 1 (对应 OpenGL 4.1)
min_minor_supported = 1

window = None
found_version_minor = -1

# 迭代尝试创建窗口，从高次版本到低次版本
for current_minor in range(start_minor, min_minor_supported - 1, -1):
    glfw.window_hint(glfw.CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, target_major)
    glfw.window_hint(glfw.CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, current_minor)

    print(f"Attempting to create OpenGL {target_major}.{current_minor} core profile context...")
    window = glfw.create_window(800, 600, "Demo window", None, None)

    if window:
        found_version_minor = current_minor
        print(f"Successfully created OpenGL {target_major}.{found_version_minor} core profile context.")
        break # 成功创建，退出循环
    else:
        print(f"Failed to create OpenGL {target_major}.{current_minor} core profile. Trying {target_major}.{current_minor-1}...")

# 探测结束后，恢复用户期望的错误回调函数
glfw.set_error_callback(user_glfw_error_callback)

# 检查是否成功创建了窗口
if not window:
    sys.exit(f"Failed to create GLFW window with at least OpenGL {target_major}.{min_minor_supported} core profile.")

# 设置当前上下文并启用垂直同步
glfw.make_context_current(window)
glfw.swap_interval(1)

# 创建 ModernGL 上下文
ctx = mgl.create_context()

print("\n--- OpenGL Context Information ---")
print(f"  Vendor: {ctx.info['GL_VENDOR']}")
print(f"  Renderer: {ctx.info['GL_RENDERER']}")
print(f"  Version: {ctx.info['GL_VERSION']}")
print(f"  GLSL Version: {ctx.info['GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION']}")
# 验证是否为核心配置文件
profile_attrib = glfw.get_window_attrib(window, glfw.OPENGL_PROFILE)
print(f"  Profile: {'Core' if profile_attrib == glfw.OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE else 'Compatibility'}")

# 应用程序主循环
print("\nStarting main loop. Close window to exit.")
while not glfw.window_should_close(window):
    # 渲染操作示例：清除屏幕
    ctx.clear(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0) # 设置背景色为深青色

    glfw.swap_buffers(window)
    glfw.poll_events()

# 清理资源
print("Application exiting. Cleaning up resources.")
glfw.destroy_window(window)
ctx.release()
glfw.terminate()