Spring Boot集成Python模块导入路径问题解析与解决方案

from time import sleep
from dotenv import load_dotenv # 导入 dotenv 模块时可能出错
from py4j.java_gateway import JavaGateway
import numpy as np
import pickle
import sys
import requests
import os
# ...
if __name__ == "__main__":
    load_dotenv() # 在这里调用时会报错
    # ...

from time import sleep
import sys
import os

# 动态计算 venv_path，假设 venv 在项目根目录
# 如果脚本路径是 src/main/java/com/api/air_quality/python/your_script.py
# 那么需要向上回溯到项目根目录
# 示例：假设项目根目录为 '.'，脚本在 './src/main/java/com/api/air_quality/python/'
# 那么从脚本到 venv 的相对路径是 '../../../../../../venv'
# 更健壮的方法是使用绝对路径或环境变量，但此处沿用相对路径思想
# 请根据实际项目结构调整此路径
script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
# 假设 venv 位于项目根目录，项目根目录在脚本的6级父目录
project_root = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(script_dir, *(['..'] * 6))) # 根据实际层级调整
venv_path = os.path.join(project_root, "venv")

# 添加虚拟环境的 site-packages 路径到 sys.path
# Windows 系统通常是 venv/Lib/site-packages
# Linux/macOS 系统通常是 venv/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages
# 考虑到跨平台，可以尝试两种或更灵活的检测方式
site_packages_path_win = os.path.join(venv_path, 'Lib', 'site-packages')
site_packages_path_unix = os.path.join(venv_path, 'lib', f'python{sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor}', 'site-packages')

if os.path.exists(site_packages_path_win):
    sys.path.append(site_packages_path_win)
elif os.path.exists(site_packages_path_unix):
    sys.path.append(site_packages_path_unix)
else:
    print(f"Warning: Could not find site-packages in venv at {venv_path}", file=sys.stderr)

# 现在可以安全地导入 dotenv
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from py4j.java_gateway import JavaGateway
import numpy as np
import pickle
import requests
import warnings

warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

# ... (脚本其余部分保持不变)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    load_dotenv() # 现在可以正常加载 .env 文件
    # ...

public void runScript(String file){
    try {
        String pythonScriptPath = "./src/main/java/com/api/air_quality/python/" + file + ".py";
        // 使用了系统全局的 python.exe 路径
        String pythonExecutablePath = "C:\Users\KAVI\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\python.exe"; 
        String command = pythonExecutablePath + " " + pythonScriptPath;

        // ... (其余代码)
    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList; // 假设 airQualityDataCache.get() 返回 List<Double>

public void runScript(String file){
    try {
        // 假设 venv 位于项目根目录
        String projectRoot = System.getProperty("user.dir"); // 获取当前项目的根目录
        String venvPath = projectRoot + File.separator + "venv"; // 构建 venv 路径

        // 指定使用虚拟环境中的 python.exe 解释器
        // Windows: venv/Scripts/python.exe
        // Linux/macOS: venv/bin/python
        String pythonExecutablePath;
        if (System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
            pythonExecutablePath = venvPath + File.separator + "Scripts" + File.separator + "python.exe";
        } else {
            pythonExecutablePath = venvPath + File.separator + "bin" + File.separator + "python";
        }

        String pythonScriptPath = projectRoot + File.separator + "src" + File.separator + "main" +
                                  File.separator + "java" + File.separator + "com" + File.separator +
                                  "api" + File.separator + "air_quality" + File.separator +
                                  "python" + File.separator + file + ".py";

        List<String> commandArgs = new ArrayList<>();
        commandArgs.add(pythonExecutablePath);
        commandArgs.add(pythonScriptPath);

        // Append the cached data to the command
        // 假设 airQualityDataCache.get() 返回 List<Double>
        if (airQualityDataCache != null && airQualityDataCache.get() != null) {
            for (Double value : airQualityDataCache.get()) {
                commandArgs.add(String.valueOf(value));
            }
        }

        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(commandArgs);
        Process process = processBuilder.start(); // 使用 ProcessBuilder 启动进程

        // output
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }

        // error
        BufferedReader errorReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
        while ((line = errorReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.err.println(line);
        }

        int exitCode = process.waitFor();
        if (exitCode != 0) {
            System.out.println("Python script exited with code: " + exitCode);
        }

    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}