Java 中的并发编程如何实现负载均衡？

ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
List<Runnable> tasks = new ArrayList<>();
// 创建要在线程池中执行的任务
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    tasks.add(() -> {
        // 执行任务
    });
}
// 将任务提交到线程池
executorService.invokeAll(tasks);

import akka.actor.{ Actor, ActorSystem, Props }
import akka.routing.RoundRobinPool

// 创建用于处理消息的演员
class MyActor extends Actor {
    def receive: Receive = { case msg: Any => println(msg) }
}

// 创建演员系统
val actorSystem = ActorSystem("MySystem")

// 创建一个由 5 个演员组成的轮询路由器
val myRouter = actorSystem.actorOf(
    RoundRobinPool(5).props(Props[MyActor])
)

// 向路由器发送消息
myRouter ! "Hello"
myRouter ! "World"

import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class FileDownloader {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> urls = List.of(
            "http://example.com/file1.txt",
            "http://example.com/file2.txt",
            "http://example.com/file3.txt"
        );
        // 创建一个线程池
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        // 将下载任务提交到线程池
        for (String url : urls) {
            executorService.submit(() -> {
                try {
                    URL website = new URL(url);
                    Path targetPath = Paths.get("downloads/" + website.getFile());
                    Files.copy(website.openStream(), targetPath);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }
        // 等待所有任务完成
        executorService.shutdown();
        executorService.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}