如何在 Golang 中还原数据库？

pg_dump -U username -h hostname -d database_name > dump.sql

psql -U username -h hostname database_name < dump.sql

import (
    "log"
    "os/exec"
)

func DumpDatabase(user, host, db string) {
    cmd := exec.Command("pg_dump", "-U", user, "-h", host, "-d", db)
    outfile, err := os.Create("dump.sql")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer outfile.Close()

    cmd.Stdout = outfile

    if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func LoadDatabase(user, host, db, dumpfile string) {
    cmd := exec.Command("psql", "-U", user, "-h", host, db)
    infile, err := os.Open(dumpfile)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer infile.Close()

    cmd.Stdin = infile

    if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

func main() {
    DumpDatabase("dbuser", "localhost", "mydb")
    LoadDatabase("dbuser", "localhost", "mydb", "dump.sql")
}

import (
    "context"
    "log"

    "github.com/jackc/pgx/v4"
)

const restoreStatement = `
CREATE TEMP TABLE imported_data (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    name TEXT
) ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS;
COPY imported_data (name) FROM stdin;
INSERT INTO mytable (name) SELECT name FROM imported_data;
DROP TABLE imported_data;
`

func RestoreDatabase(conn *pgx.Conn, dumpfile string) error {
    file, err := os.Open(dumpfile)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    defer file.Close()

    _, err = conn.Exec(context.Background(), restoreStatement, pgx.CopyTo(file, pgx.RowEncoder(func([]interface{}) error { return nil })))
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }

    return nil
}

func main() {
    conn, err := pgx.Connect(context.Background(), "postgres://user:password@hostname/dbname")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    RestoreDatabase(conn, "dump.sql")
}

pg_dump -U postgres -h localhost -d mail_db > db_backup.sql

psql -U postgres -h localhost mail_db < db_backup.sql