PHP框架中异常处理的集中式管理

// app/Exceptions/Handler.php

namespace App\Exceptions;

use Exception;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler as ExceptionHandler;

class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
{
    /**
     * 渲染异常为 HTTP 响应。
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Exception  $exception
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response|\Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function render($request, Exception $exception)
    {
        // 根据异常类型定制处理逻辑
        switch ($exception) {
            case $exception instanceof ModelNotFoundException:
                return response()->json([
                    'error' => 'The specified model was not found.',
                ], 404);
            case $exception instanceof ValidationException:
                return response()->json([
                    'errors' => $exception->errors(),
                ], 422);
            default:
                return parent::render($request, $exception);
        }
    }
}

// app/Exceptions/UserNotFoundException.php

namespace App\Exceptions;

use Exception;

class UserNotFoundException extends Exception
{
    // ...
}

if (!$user) {
    throw new UserNotFoundException('The specified user was not found.');
}