Go语言中实现类型无关的通道：接口与空接口的应用

package main

import "fmt"

// 定义一个接口
type pet interface {
    Speak() string
}

// 实现pet接口的Dog类型
type Dog struct {
    Name string
}

func (d Dog) Speak() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("%s says Woof!", d.Name)
}

// 实现pet接口的Cat类型
type Cat struct {
    Name string
}

func (c Cat) Speak() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("%s says Meow!", c.Name)
}

func main() {
    // 创建一个pet接口类型的通道
    greet := make(chan pet)

    go func() {
        // 发送不同类型的pet
        greet <- Dog{Name: "Buddy"}
        greet <- Cat{Name: "Whiskers"}
        close(greet) // 发送完毕后关闭通道
    }()

    // 接收并处理pet
    for p := range greet {
        fmt.Println(p.Speak())
    }
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    // 创建一个空接口类型的通道
    genericChan := make(chan interface{})

    go func() {
        // 发送不同类型的数据
        genericChan <- "Hello, Go!"
        genericChan <- 123
        genericChan <- true
        genericChan <- struct{ ID int; Name string }{ID: 1, Name: "Item"}
        close(genericChan)
    }()

    // ... (接下来是接收和处理逻辑)
}

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "reflect"
)

func main() {
    ch := make(chan interface{})

    go func() {
        ch <- "this is it"
        close(ch)
    }()

    p := <-ch
    fmt.Printf("Received a %q\n", reflect.TypeOf(p).Name()) // 输出: Received a "string"
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    genericChan := make(chan interface{})

    go func() {
        genericChan <- "Hello, Go!"
        genericChan <- 123
        genericChan <- true
        genericChan <- struct{ ID int; Name string }{ID: 1, Name: "Item"}
        genericChan <- 3.14
        close(genericChan)
    }()

    for p := range genericChan {
        switch v := p.(type) { // 使用type switch进行类型断言
        case string:
            fmt.Printf("Got a string: %q, Length: %d\n", v, len(v))
        case int:
            fmt.Printf("Got an integer: %d, Squared: %d\n", v, v*v)
        case bool:
            fmt.Printf("Got a boolean: %t\n", v)
        case struct{ ID int; Name string }:
            fmt.Printf("Got a custom struct: ID=%d, Name=%s\n", v.ID, v.Name)
        default:
            fmt.Printf("Type of value is %T, Value: %v\n", v, v)
        }
    }
}